Israel launched air strikes on Damascus last month after sectarian violence—which ultimately killed more than 1,600 people—erupted in Syria’s Sweida area, saying it was appearing on behalf of Syria’s Druze minority (BBC). Syria exported crude oil from the Tartus terminal on its western coast right now for the primary time in fourteen years (Anadolu Agency). Before its civil war started in 2011, oil accounted for round half of Syria’s exports (Euronews).

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• In the early Nineteen Nineties, Scud-C missiles with a 500-kilometer range were procured from North Korea, and Scud-D, with a variety of up to 700km, is allegedly being developed by Syria with the help of North Korea and Iran.
• Before its civil warfare started in 2011, oil accounted for round half of Syria’s exports (Euronews).
• Many in Syria are still overjoyed by the fact the al-Assad family is now not in energy, welcoming any alternative to its brutal reign.
• It gained de jure independence as a parliamentary republic in 1945 when the First Syrian Republic turned a founding member of the United Nations, an act which legally ended the French Mandate.

In 1517, Syria fell under the Ottoman Empire, which remained from the sixteenth via twentieth centuries, except for a short occupation by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt from 1832 to 1840. Syria consists principally of an arid plateau, divided into a coastal zone—with a slim, double mountain belt enclosing a melancholy in the west—and a a lot bigger japanese plateau. Fertile land is the nation’s most necessary pure resource, and efforts have been made to extend the quantity of arable land via irrigation projects. The northeast of the nation “Al Jazira” and the South “Hawran” are necessary agricultural areas. Another topic that will loom giant throughout al-Sharaa’s go to is his country’s relations with U.S. ally Israel.

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A new ceasefire settlement was later introduced by the Syrian Interior Ministry and a Druze spiritual chief; nonetheless, a separate Druze chief, Sheikh Hikmat Al-Hijri, rejected the agreement (AP). According to the U.S.-led coalition in opposition to the Islamic State, Iraqi safety website here forces and the SDF have reclaimed ninety eight percent of the territory previously held by the group in Iraq and Syria, including the cities of Raqqa and Deir al-Zour. Syria, country located on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea in southwestern Asia.

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Another disputed territory is the Shebaa farms, positioned within the intersection of the Lebanese-Syrian border and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. The farms, that are eleven km lengthy and about three kilometers wide were occupied by Israel in 1981, along with rest of the Golan Heights.[283] Yet following Syrian military advances the Israeli occupation ended and Syria became the de facto ruling power over the farms. In 1925, Sultan al-Atrash led a revolt that broke out in the Druze Mountain and unfold to engulf the entire of Syria and parts of Lebanon. Al-Atrash won a quantity of battles towards the French, notably the Battle of al-Kafr on 21 July 1925, the Battle of al-Mazraa on 2–3 August 1925, and the battles of Salkhad, al-Musayfirah and Suwayda. France sent 1000’s of troops from Morocco and Senegal, leading the French to regain many cities, although resistance lasted until the spring of 1927.

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• France sent thousands of troops from Morocco and Senegal, leading the French to regain many cities, though resistance lasted until the spring of 1927.
• Ambassador to Turkey Tom Barrack, Israel and Syria agreed to a ceasefire supported by Turkey, Jordan, and different international locations; despite previously opposing Syrian troops’ deployment to Syria’s south, Israel granted Syria a window to end the clashes there (Reuters).
• Since Islam forbids the artistic depiction of animals or human beings, until World War I Syrian artwork consisted of geometric designs as featured in plenty of palaces and mosques.
• About one-third of Syria’s land is arable, with eighty % of cultivated areas depending on rainfall for water.
• Another Roman emperor who was a Syrian was Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus), who was born in Roman Arabia.
• Factionalized preventing has made space for the self-proclaimed Islamic State to maintain a presence and launch assaults.

The literacy rate of Syrians aged 15 and older was seventy six.9 percent for the whole inhabitants in 2003. Under Islamic custom, the couple’s families organize any marriage, and it’s uncommon for a pair to marry against their family’s wishes. Despite opposition, the dowry system persists, placing immense pressure on the husband and his family, who need to pay giant amounts of cash, and on the bride, who could additionally be compelled to marry the suitor who brings the largest dowry. Regarding polygamy, in 1953 Syria handed the Law of Personal Status, which required a man to show that he could assist two wives earlier than marrying the second.

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Economic constraints embrace declining oil production and exports, weak funding, high unemployment, and growing stress on water supplies caused by heavy use in agriculture, rapid population growth, industrial enlargement, and water pollution. The Assad regime was run as a one-party (Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party) state with an extensive secret police apparatus that curtailed any unbiased political exercise. On February 14, 2005, Rafik Hariri, the previous prime minister of Lebanon, was killed by a automotive bomb in Beirut. Many members of the Lebanese opposition and worldwide observers alleged that Hariri was assassinated by Syria. On June 16, 2006, the protection ministers of Iran and Syria signed an settlement for military cooperation in opposition to what they called the “widespread threats” presented by Israel and the United States.

Alluvial soils happen primarily in the valleys of the Euphrates and its tributaries and within the Ghāb Depression. The largest is Al-Jabbūl, a seasonal saline lake that permanently covers a minimum area of about 60 sq. miles (155 square km) southeast of Aleppo. Other major salt lakes are Jayrūd to the northeast of Damascus and Khātūniyyah to the northeast of Al-Hasakah.

Syria is a middle-income, developing nation with a diversified economic system primarily based on agriculture, industry, and power. During the 1960s, the socialist authorities nationalized most major enterprises and adopted economic insurance policies designed to deal with regional and sophistication disparities. This legacy of state intervention and state controls of costs, trade, and international exchange still hampers financial progress.

Writers must cope with authorities censorship, however fiction writing is not as tightly monitored as is non-fiction. Prominent up to date Syrian writers embrace, among others, Adonis, Muhammad Maghout, Haidar Haidar, Ghada al-Samman, Nizar Qabbani and Zakariyya Tamer. Traditional Syrian male apparel is the long robe called a “kaftan.” Women put on long robes that cover every thing except arms and ft. The educated higher lessons, particularly the younger, favor trendy Western attire—bright colors, jewellery, makeup, and excessive heels for girls, and dressy slacks and shirts for males. Jeans and T-shirts are rare, as are shorts and miniskirts and bare shoulders or higher arms for girls. Each tribe and villages has distinctive patterns, designs, and colors of clothing.

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Once clad in conventional jihadist militant attire, he has adopted a extra Western-style wardrobe in recent. During the insurgent offensive, he donned navy fatigues, symbolising his position as navy commander. General Hafez al-Assad seized energy in 1970, organising a repressive political system. Sectarian violence continued in Sweida between the Druze and Syrian Bedouin tribes, as witnesses recorded machinegun hearth and mortar shelling within the area; casualties weren’t confirmed (Reuters). Later, Syria’s Interior Ministry claimed that the fighting had stopped and there have been now not Bedouin fighters within the space (Reuters). Riyadh helped convince Washington to raise sanctions on Syria earlier this year (Al Jazeera).

The French sentenced al-Atrash to dying, but he had escaped with the rebels to Transjordan and was finally pardoned. He returned to Syria in 1937 after the signing of the Syrian-French Treaty. Syria briefly came under Armenian control from 83 BC, with the conquests of the Armenian king Tigranes the Great, who was welcomed as a savior from the Seleucids and Romans by the Syrian people. However, Pompey the Great, a basic of the Roman Empire, rode to Syria and captured Antioch and turned Syria into a Roman province in sixty four BC, thus ending Armenian control over the region which had lasted twenty years.

Major-General Amin el-Hafez turned chairman of the National Council, which was replaced, in May 1964, by a presidency council of three civilian and two military members. On February 23, 1966, a military coup lead by Hafez al-Assad and Salah Jadid, each members of the Baath celebration, compelled Amin Hafez to resign, placed a number of long-time Baathist leaders under arrest, and put in Nur ad-Din al-Atasi, a former deputy prime minister, as head of state. In February 22, 1958, Syria and Egypt merged as one state and created the United Arab Republic U.A.R., with Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt as president. Nasser appointed the U.A.R. cupboard, and Syrian politicians held numerous departments.